Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Q. What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is a slowly progressive disease of the airways, characterized by a gradual loss of lung function. In the U.S., the term COPD includes chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, or emphysema, or combinations of these conditions. It represents the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S.

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Q. How do I know I have COPD?

A. The symptoms of COPD can range from chronic cough and phlegmproduction to severe disabling shortness of breath. In some individuals, chronic cough and sputum production are the first signs that they are at risk for developing the airflow obstruction and shortness of breath characteristic of COPD. In others, shortness of breath may be the first indication of the disease.

There is no known cure for COPD at the present time. Treatment is usually supportive and designed to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.

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Q. My family has a history of heart disease. What can I do to avoid COPD?

A. In the U.S., the most important risk factor for COPD is cigarette smoking. Pipe, cigar, other types of tobacco smoking, and passive exposure to cigarette smoke are also risk factors.

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Q. For more information, where should I go?

A. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
National Lung Health Education Program

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